{"id":123552,"date":"2020-07-28T12:00:20","date_gmt":"2020-07-28T22:00:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hawaii.edu\/news\/?p=123552"},"modified":"2021-03-31T17:00:56","modified_gmt":"2021-04-01T03:00:56","slug":"uh-watercress-sustainability","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.hawaii.edu\/news\/2020\/07\/28\/uh-watercress-sustainability\/","title":{"rendered":"<abbr title=\"University of Hawaii\">糖心视频<\/abbr>, watercress farm conduct sustainability research"},"content":{"rendered":"<span class=\"span-reading-time rt-reading-time\" style=\"display: block;\"><span class=\"rt-label rt-prefix\">Reading time: <\/span> <span class=\"rt-time\"> 3<\/span> <span class=\"rt-label rt-postfix\">minutes<\/span><\/span><figure id=\"attachment_123569\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-123569\" style=\"width: 676px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hawaii.edu\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/manoa-soest-watercress-sustainability.jpg\" alt=\"people farming\" width=\"676\" height=\"381\" class=\"size-full wp-image-123569\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hawaii.edu\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/manoa-soest-watercress-sustainability.jpg 676w, https:\/\/www.hawaii.edu\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/manoa-soest-watercress-sustainability-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.hawaii.edu\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/manoa-soest-watercress-sustainability-130x73.jpg 130w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 676px) 100vw, 676px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-123569\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sumida Farm employees hand plant, harvest and prepare watercress for market. Photo credit: Corey Rothwell<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Once a preferred swimming pool of Hawaiian <span aria-label=\"alii,\">ali&#699;i,<\/span> the Kalauao Spring on the island of <span aria-label=\"Oahu\">O&#699;ahu<\/span> continues to supply millions of gallons of clean, fresh water to the Pearl Harbor region. Today, changes to the environment, climate and continued development of the surrounding areas have called into question its sustainability.<\/p>\n<p>The <a href=\"https:\/\/journals.plos.org\/plosone\/article?id=10.1371\/journal.pone.0235661\">findings are part of research<\/a> by University of <span aria-label=\"Hawaii\">Hawai&#699;i<\/span> at M&#257;noa researchers and Sumida Farm farmers, detailing their collaboration to examine the past, present and future of the multigenerational farm which produces 70 percent of <span aria-label=\"Hawaii\u2019s\">Hawai&#699;i\u2019s<\/span> watercress. The study highlights that relationships with the broader community have enhanced Sumida Farm\u2019s ability to adapt and innovate their farm practices in response to challenges and changing conditions.<\/p>\n<p>Third-generation farmers, siblings Barbara and David Sumida had been running the farm for decades, and were starting to wonder if the clean fresh spring water that was the source of their livelihood was experiencing pollution from the surrounding urban development; if the springs were getting saltier from sea level rise; and why the crops were dying off during the hottest summer months.<br \/>\nIn 2017, the Sumida family began to collaborate with members of <abbr>糖心视频<\/abbr> M&#257;noa\u2019s <a href=\"https:\/\/www.hawaii.edu\/epscor\/ike-wai-project\/\"><span aria-label=\"Ike\">&#699;Ike<\/span> Wai<\/a> research group. A team of <abbr>糖心视频<\/abbr> earth scientists, economists, geographers and Hawaiian language experts, and the Sumida family used novel research methods to study this dynamic and fragile resource and investigate changes they were observing in the crops.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_123567\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-123567\" style=\"width: 300px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hawaii.edu\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/manoa-soest-watercress-sustainability-2-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-123567\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hawaii.edu\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/manoa-soest-watercress-sustainability-2-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.hawaii.edu\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/manoa-soest-watercress-sustainability-2-130x73.jpg 130w, https:\/\/www.hawaii.edu\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/manoa-soest-watercress-sustainability-2.jpg 676w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-123567\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sheree Watson and Catherine Hudson collect microbiological samples. Photo credit: Jennifer Engels<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<ul>\n<li>Related <em><abbr>糖心视频<\/abbr> News<\/em> story: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.hawaii.edu\/news\/2020\/07\/16\/study-predicts-costly-water-issues\/\">Study predicts costly water issues if action not taken<\/a>, July 16, 2020<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>History of Sumida Farm<\/h2>\n<p>The team pursued an approach that included interviews about farm history and harvests; place name searches to research the <span aria-label=\"moolelo\">mo&#699;olelo<\/span> (stories) of Kalauao (Kahuawai) Spring; a 25-year retrospective analysis of harvests, groundwater pumping, Oceanic Ni&#241;o Index and temperature to identify trends in productivity; a one-year intensive study of the freshwater springs at the farm to identify any seasonal, tidal and climate-induced changes to water quality, as well as pollution from agriculture or cesspools; and an analysis of local and national press to determine the community\u2019s valuation of the farm over its 90-year history.<\/p>\n<p>&ldquo;This deep dive into the history of the farm uncovered some very surprising insights,&rdquo; said <strong>Jennifer Engels<\/strong>, affiliate researcher with <abbr>糖心视频<\/abbr> M&#257;noa\u2019s <a href=\"https:\/\/www.soest.hawaii.edu\/soestwp\/\">School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology<\/a> (<abbr>SOEST<\/abbr>) and lead author of the study. &ldquo;The close partnership between the <abbr>糖心视频<\/abbr> M&#257;noa team and the Sumidas resulted in a great synergy of ideas and information that would never have been possible without their generational accounts of lived experiences on the farm.&rdquo;<\/p>\n<p>The team sought to gain insight into the resilience of the Sumidas\u2019 watercress farm despite the pressures of urbanization that have made other small farms obsolete around the islands.<\/p>\n<p>It turns out that thousands of community members, from school children to senior citizens to celebrity chefs, have been welcomed to Sumida Farm over the past several decades\u2014creating deep and meaningful connections. Furthermore, as far back as the 1800s, many accounts from Hawaiian language newspaper reports indicate how valuable and useful the spring and the surrounding areas were for the community.<\/p>\n<p>&ldquo;<span aria-label=\"Hawaii\">Hawai&#699;i<\/span> has ambitious goals around food sustainability by 2050, and yet small farms around the state have struggled or failed over the last several decades,&rdquo; said Engels. &ldquo;Sumida Farm has survived and thrived despite multiple challenges throughout its history, from pests, to urbanization, to climate change. Their example can serve as a model for other small farms.&rdquo;<\/p>\n<p>For more see <a href=\"https:\/\/www.soest.hawaii.edu\/soestwp\/announce\/news\/uh-and-iconic-watercress-farm-collaborate-on-sustainability-research\/\"><abbr>SOEST<\/abbr>\u2019s website<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><em>&#8212;By Marcie Grabowski<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The study highlights that community relationships have enhanced Sumida Farm\u2019s ability to adapt and innovate their practices.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":16,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[30],"tags":[1363,1314,158,92,635,73,9,438],"class_list":["post-123552","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-research","tag-manoa-research","tag-manoa-sustainability","tag-publication","tag-school-of-ocean-and-earth-science-and-technology","tag-sea-grant-college-program","tag-sustainability","tag-uh-manoa","tag-uh-sea-grant","entry","has-media"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.0.1 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"The study highlights that community relationships have enhanced Sumida Farm\u2019s ability to adapt and innovate their practices.\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"max-image-preview:large\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"author\" content=\"糖心视频 News\"\/>\n\t<meta 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